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Baltimore: 



PITTSBURGH 



Focused by 

Pittsburgh Industrial Development Commission 



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Digitized by the Internet Archive 
in 2010 with funding from 
The Library of Congress 



http://www.archive.org/details/wherebusinesscenOOpitt 



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Where Business Centers 



Commercial strength — not force of arms — establishes national 
prestige. 

National commercial strength is dependent upon that of 
communities comprising the nation. 

Commercial strength of any community is measured by its 

Financial Position 
Industrial Development 
Density of Population 
Distributing Facilities 

The Pittsburgh Industrial Development Commission has 
already analized the Financial Position of Pittsburgh. 

It proved that Pittsburgh is: 

The strongest banking city in America in relation of capital 
and surplus to gross deposits; 

The Second City in capital and undivided profits; 
The Third City in deposits. 

What then is the position of Pittsburgh in relation to 

Industrial Development ^^ 
Density of Population f 
Distributing Facilities • 

After weeks of careful, authorative analysis the Industrial 
Development Commission herein demonstrates Pittsburgh to be 

FIRST IN INDUSTRY 

FIRST AS A NATIONAL DISTRIBUTING CENTER 

FIFTH IN POPULATION 



THE PITTSBURGH INDUSTRIAL 
DEVELOPMENT COMMISSION 

President H. P. BOPE 

Vice-President F. F. NICOLA 

Treasurer - - - - - W. H. DONNER 

Secretary W. C. DOUGLAS 

Advtg. Mgr. J. J. NORDMAN 



*& 



COMMISSION 



H. P. BOPE 

Vice-President and General Manager of Sales 
Carnegie Steel Company. 

F. F. NICOLA 

W. H. DONNER 

D. P. BLACK 
President, Real Estate Trust Co. 

JAMES C. CHAPLIN 
Vice-President, Colonial Trust Co. 

MORRIS BAER 
President, Kaufmann & Baer Co 

W. C. COFFIN 

Structural Engineer, Jones & Laughlin Steel Co. 

ROBERT FINNEY 
General Agent, B. & O. R. R. Company. 

ROBERT GARLAND 

President, Garland Nut & Rivet Company. 

JAMES F. KEENAN 
President, Haugh & Keenan Storage and Transfer Co. 

R. L. O'DONNELL 

General Superintendent, Pennsylvania Lines. 

J. M. SCHOONMAKER 
Vice-President, P. & L. E. R. R Co. 



PITTSBURGH 



First In 
Industry 



Fifth In 
Population 



and half the nation within 450 miles. 



When we started to accumulate the evidence we were 
full of enthusiasm. 

Of course we had a good case — Pittsburgh — but no one 
really knew what a wonderful case it was until the evidence was 
all pieced together. 

The whole purpose was to collect the testimony, put it into 
succinct form and let those who were on the outside know just 
what we insiders had — in Pittsburgh. 
— and it wasn't all born of vanity. 

Pittsburgh — the whole Pittsburgh district — is endowed by 
Nature's Horn of Plenty. It was somebody's job to proclaim 
the story — to present our Nature-endowed opportunities to all — 
to give the outsider an insight. 

So we undertook the job. 

We knew we had a community of which we might right- 
fully boast — but boasts never made a case. 

We wanted facts — and we wanted all the facts. 

No one person had all the facts — on Pittsburgh's greatness. 

Every person should have them. 

So we plunged right in to fish them out. 

That was our job. 



Corporate lines are imaginary — especially in Pittsburgh. 

Few — mighty few — Pittsburgher's can define the city limits. 

Some thirty boroughs are so closely knitted together — with 
each other — and with Pittsburgh — that the official surveyors 
alone can define the lines. 

Scores of streets are divided by two municipalities. 

You can pass in and out of a dozen boroughs in a half hour 
trolley ride. 

— and do so unconsciously. 

There is no open territory between them. 

Pittsburgh has "mills for miles" — but only a meagre few are 
in the city — the corporate city. 

Each time a great enterprise was launched forth — in 
Pittsburgh — a new community was founded on the outskirts of 
the city. 

Recently a large steel manufactory required more capacity — 
a new branch. So it built additional mills and erected a new 
town — built an addition to Pittsburgh — established houses — 
houses for 25, 000 people! 

It would have required an enormous city to house the great 
industries of Pittsburgh. 

They built around the city. 

The city grew out to them. 

And an enormous city now houses them. 

A city of more than a million! 

The Fifth City. 



METROPOLITAN PITTSBURGH 

1,042,855 Population 
The Fifth City 

'•It is a familiar fact that in some cases the 
municipal boundaries give only an inadequate 
idea of the population grouped about one urban 
center. In the case of many cities there are 
surburban districts with a dense population out- 
side of the city limits which, in a certain sense, 
are as truly a part of the city as the districts 
which run in the municipal government. These 
suburbs are bound to the cities by a network 
of transportation lines. Many of the residents 
in these suburbs have their business or employ- 
ment in the city, and to a certain extent per- 
sons who reside in the city are employed in the 
suburbs. It seems desirable, therefore, to show 
the magnitude of these population centers taken 

as a whole." 

WILLIAM C. HUNT, 

Chief Population Statistician, 

Government Census Bureau. 

For decades census taker had spent as much time counting 
noses on the outskirts of the corporate lines of Pittsburgh as they 
had within the city itself. 

The Pittsburgh Industrial Development Commission was 
anxious to learn the real population of the real Pittsburgh. 

The authoritative source was the Census Bureau. 

The Census Bureau responded to an appeal for the facts. 

Here are the facts: 

METROPOLITAN NEW YORK - - The First City. 
METROPOLITAN CHICAGO - - The Second City. 
METROPOLITAN PHILADELPHIA - The Third City. 
METROPOLITAN BOSTON - - - - The Fourth City. 
METROPOLITAN PITTSBURGH - - The Fifth City. 



Subsequent rotation is as follows: 

Fifth— Pittsburgh - 1,042,855 

Sixth— St. Louis -----.-- 828,733 

Seventh — San Francisco - 686,873 

Eighth— Baltimore - - - - - - - 658,715 

Ninth— Cleveland -------- 613,270 



The Pittsburgh Metropolitan District covers a radius of 
approximately ten miles. 

Density of population within this ten-mile radius is further 
indicated by the following extensive list of distinct communities 
included in this comparatively small radius: 



Aspinwall 

Aval on 

Bellevue 

Ben Avon 

Braddock 

Bridgeville 

Carnegie 

Carrick 

Cheswick 

Clairton 

Coraopolis 

Crafton 

Dormont 

Dravosburg 

Duquesne 

East McKeesport 

East Pittsburgh 

Edgewood 

Edgeworth 

Elizabeth 

Emsworth 



Etna 

Finleyville 

Glassport 

Glenfield 

Greentree 

Haysville 

Heidelberg 

Homestead 

Ingram 

Knoxville 

Leetsdale 

McKees Rocks 

Millvale 

Mt. Oliver 

Munhall 

North Braddock 

Oakdale 

Oakmont 

Osborne 

Pitcairn 

Port Vue 



Rankin 

St. Clair 

Sewickley 

Sharpsburg 

Spring Garden 

Springdale 

Swissvale 

Tarentum 

Thornburg 

Turtle Creek 

Verona 

Versailles 

Wall 

Warrendale 

West Elizabeth 

West Homestead 

Westview 

Wexford 

Whitaker 

Wilkinsburg 

Wilmerding 



Other important communities — important in population and 
manufacturing — fringe the ten-mile circle. Woodlawn, Ambridge, 
Aliquippa, Monessen, Donora, Beaver Falls, Rochester, New 
Brighton, New Kensington and a score of other communities are 
part and parcel of the Pittsburgh Metropolitan district, but 
outside the ten-mile radius. 

Such a dense population is huddled about Pittsburgh that 
curiosity asserted itself to learn Pittsburgh's relative position 
as a national distributing center. 

Every Pittsburgher knows that he can reach more important 
cities in a one night ride than can be reached from any other 
center. 

How many consumers can the Pittsburgh manufacturer and 
jobber reach in that "one-night-ride-radius" (450 miles)? 

How many consumers can be reached within a similar 
radius of other large communities? 

We wanted to know. 

Every jobber and manufacturer ought to know. 

So we tackled this job too. 

And it was a job. 

It meant that population had to be computed in parts and 
parcels of states, counties and townships — just as the circles 
sliced off segments. 

But it was worth the effort. 

It presented a most complete analysis of all the great 
American distributing centers. It had never been done before 
and it proved that 

PITTSBURGH IS THE GREATEST DISTRIBUTING 
CENTER OF THEM ALL. 




PITTSBURGH 



Nearly half the nation^more than Forty-Two and One 
Half Million people live within 450 miles of Pittsburgh. No 
other American community presents such distributing facilities 
within a similar area. 

Pittsburghers can ship to both New York and Chicago and 
cover no more ground than New Yorkers do in shipping to 
Chicago — and visa versa. 

The moral is clear. 

Here are the figures defining Pittsburgh's superior distributing 
facilities: 



Pennsylvania 

Ohio 

New Jersey 

West Virginia 

Maryland 

District of Columbia 

Delaware 

Virginia 

New York 

Vermont 

Massachusetts 

Connecticut 

North Carolina 

South Carolina 

Tennessee 

Kentucky 

Indiana 

Illinois 

Michigan 



Total 



7,665,111 

4,767,121 

2,537,167 

1,221,119 

1,295,346 

331,069 

202,322 

2,061,612 

9,019,667 

48,310 

399,955 

948,683 

2,206,287 

183,663 

483,138 

1,740,521 

2,489,861 

2,514,584 

2,391,659 

42,597,198 




NEW YORK 



In itself the Great American Metropolis, New York, suffers 
an insurmountable handicap as a distributing center. 

A glance at the map indicates that practically half the 
450-mile circle is ocean. Thus shipments are restricted to three 
points of the compass. 

Population withm the area is as follows: 



Marne 

New Hampshire 

Vermont 

Massachusetts 

Connecticut 

New York 

New Jersey 

Pennsylvania 

Delaware 

Maryland 

District of Columbia 

Ohio 

West Virginia 

Virginia 

North Carolina 

Rhode Island 



Total 



561,371 

430,572 

355,956 

3,366,416 

1,114,756 

9,113,614 

2,537,167 

7,665,111 

202,322 

1,295,346 

331,069 

953,424 

915,837 

1,718,010 

367,714 

542,610 

31,571,295 




DETROIT 

Detroit can supply 31 ,193,706 people within a 450-mile 



radius. 



Again we have the presentation of a comparatively central 
city somewhat limited by the Canadian frontier and the Lakes. 

Population available for distribution is 1 1 ,000,000 less than 
that in the Pittsburgh district. 

The figures are compiled as follows: 



Ohio 

Indiana 

West Virginia 

Michigan 

New York 

Pennsylvania 

Maryland 

District of Columbia 

Virginia 

North Carolina 

Tennessee 

Kentucky 

Illinois 

Iowa 

Wisconsin 



Total 



4,767,121 
2,700,876 
1,221,119 
2,810,173 
2,137,590 
5,336,255 
1,012,279 

331,069 
1,123,431 

203,942 

425,551 
1,935,364 
4,838,771 

396,935 
1,953,230 

11,193,706 



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CHICAGO 



Chicago adds a comparatively small population to itself in 
describing a 450-mile radius. Territory in the western half of 
the circle is sparsely populated. 

The total population figures 13,000,000 less than that 
surrounding Pittsburgh within the same area. 

Here are the figures: 



Illinois 

Indiana 

Wisconsin 

Michigan 

Ohio 

Kentucky 

Pennsylvania 

Minnesota 

Iowa 

Missouri 

Arkansas 

Tennessee 

West Virginia 



Total 



5,638,591 
2,700,876 
2,333,860 
2,810,173 
4,767,121 
2,289,905 
1,637,998 
1,187,397 
1,924,284 
2,497,543 
23,690 
1,728,822 
394,090 

29,934,350 




BOSTON 

The irresistable ocean, plus the Canadian border, operate 
against Boston. Thus Boston is seventh in the list of great 
distributing centers as computed on the basis of available 
population. 

Analysis of the population, founded on the census report, 
is as follows: 



Maine 

New Hampshire 

Vermont 

Massachusetts 

Rhode Island 

Connecticut 

New York 

Pennsylvania 

New Jersey 

Delaware 

Maryland 

District of Columbia 



Total 



742,371 

430,572 

355,956 

3,366,416 

542,610 

1,114,756 

9,008,488 

5,153,697 

2,537,167 

202,322 

1,212,830 

331,069 

24,998,254 



NOTE: There are several cities north of Pittsburgh, such as 
Cleveland and Buffalo, which enjoy a large population within a radius 
of 450 miles, because of their relative geographical location. But they 
do not have as large a population as Pittsburgh within any radius, due 
largely to the proximity ot the Great Lakes and Canada. 



FIRST IN INDUSTRY 



PITTSBURGH 



Long world-famous for its industrial supremacy, no accurate 
measure had ever been taken of Pittsburgh's greatness. 

Government statisticians followed the policy confining the 
industrial census to the corporate lines of cities and states. The 
scores of great industries that fringe the outskirts of corporate 
Pittsburgh swelled the industrial figures of Pennsylvania. 

No comprehensive census of the real Pittsburgh had been 
compiled. 

The Pittsburgh Industrial Development Commission ad- 
dressed itself to the encouragement of a real industrial census of 
the Pittsburgh Metropolitan district — just as it had to secure a 
census of population of the same district. 

The assistance of the government Census Bureau was enlisted. 

After many weeks of labor the following impressive 
tabulation was compiled: 

NOTE: It must be remembered that the figures here presented, 
demonstrating Pittsburgh's industrial supremacy, relate only to manufactories. 
Payrolls, value of product, etc., relating to wholesalers, jobbers, public 
service corporations, railroads and all other business activities other than 
manufacturers are not included. 




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Copyrighted 1912 Pittsburgh Industrial Development Commission. 




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ALTIMORE 



HARRISBURG 



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PHILADELPHIA 






WASHINGTON 




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DECORATION] Br W 5 WASHBURN 



DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND LABOR 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

THE CENSUS OF 

MANUFACTURES IN METROPOLITAN 

Num- 
ber 

INDUSTRIES Es f ab . Capital 

lish- 
ments 

District Total 2,369 $642,527,046 

Awnings, tents and sails 7 44,000 

Baskets, and rattan, and willow ware 5 38,833 

Brass and bronze products 15 4,273,850 

Bread and other bakery products 391 6,601,004 

Brick and tile 41 2,002,934 

Carriages and wagons, and materials 40 1,910,883 

Cars and general shop construction and re- 
pairs by steam railroad companies 16 8,684,822 

Cars and general shop construction and re- 
pairs by street railroad companies 3 252,277 

Clothing, men's, including shirts 24 1,237,435 

Clothing, women's 5 104,408 

Coffee and spice, roasting and grinding 4 310,795 

Confectionery 20 1,538,001 

Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere 

specified 17 477,176 

Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products 59 3,925,925 

Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified. . . 20 3,565,921 

Electrical machinery, apparatus and supplies 18 48,184,808 

Electroplating. _ 7 18,933 

Enameling and japanning 3 691,090 

Engraving, wood 3 16,566 

Flavoring extracts 7 31,360 

Flour mill and gristmill products. 13 226,991 

Food preparations 16 672,554 

Foundry and machine-shop products 218 70,585,128 

Fur goods. 6 181,413 

Furniture and refrigerators 11 826,412 

Galvanizing 3 157,792 

Glass 27 20,795,023 

Glass, cutting, staining, and ornamenting. . . 24 389,086 

Grease and tallow 6 441,963 

Ice, manufactured 31 4,024,177 

Iron and steel, blast furnaces 13 100,116,105 

Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. 54 234,689,014 
Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers and riv- 
ets, not made in steel works or rolling 

mills 9 2,653,885 

Iron and steel forgings 8 1,592,457 

Iron and steel pipe, wrought 4 7,353,477 

Jewelry 6 88,697 

Leather goods 12 318,223 

Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 6 1,552,676 

Liquors, distilled 8 2,074,435 

Liquors, malt 28 24,111,550 

Looking-glass, and picture frames 3 34,023 

Lumber and timber products 86 3,560,889 





Wage- 




Earners 
(Aver- 


Employ- 








N um- 




ber) 


0,692 139.285 


13 


37 




44 


102 


704 


569 


2,327 


61 


813 


47 


554 




9,438 


936 


454 


16 


866 


102 




6 


60 


42 


27 


121 


833 




197 


21 


1,720 


143 




109 


1,391 


2,826 


8,030 


2 


21 


41 


202 


2 


18 


4 


'8 


7 


17 


46 


205 


3,553 


18,454 


5 


29 


46 


315 


13 


67 


374 


6,942 


42 


311 


15 


56 


104 


315 


909 


5,565 


4,165 


51,156 


98 


954 


57 


531 


155 


1,550 


10 


77 


17 


124 


27 


244 


38 


142 


235 


1,354 


2 


14 


142 


1,187 



TABULATED FEBRUARY 9, 1912 
COMPARED FEBRUARY 11, 1912 



MANUFACTURES: 1909 

DISTRICT BY SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES 



Total 

Total Paid in Cost of Miscellaneous Value of Primary 

Wages Materials Expenses Products Horse- 
power 

$90,115,842 $366,892,433 37,878,296 $578,815,493 791,047 

15,340 18.171 46,064 8,448 105,419 40 

24,328 76,210 4,762 113,010 

146,622 424,736 2,468,600 166,707 3,397,537 2,850 

539,854 1,244,127 5,403,082 1,028,571 9,568,400 2,490 

63,123 384,936 269,966 130,089 908,346 5,769 

50,549 369,519 442,679 57,214 1,031,239 1,873 

779,132 6,605,681 9,164,034 256,032 16,804,878 15,094 

18.827 290,787 237,349 13,615 560,578 2,809 

87,777 342,412 1,121,773 173,143 1,949,728 340 

6,444 24,014 79,569 7,079 134,270 13 

36,270 14,443 612,460 89,011 810,657 226 

106,063 261,872 1,549,247 158,832 2,284,087 724 

22,727 108,784 411,717 19,002 656,831 159 

177,858 946,072 2,119,639 282,006 5,254,789 4,076 

160,712 738,757 1,550.084 159,092 3,086,268 3,769 

3,240,797 4,760,067 8,521,905 2,148,067 20,260,163 13,160 

2,600 10,879 4,289 4,763 32,343 65 

37,743 76,441 391,399 35,304 596,677 436 

2,080 14,302 1,843 9,508 31,803 9 

2,510 3,514 16,978 3,028 36,889 2 

4,952 8,807 170,373 4,265 207,921 530 

36,366 82,277 634,283 100,747 968,541 563 

4,404,869 12,780,152 24,140,317 4,361,783 52,411,013 41,908 

5,401 22,356 62,769 13,350 139,226 3 

54,033 187,884 440,447 120,161 900,036 629 

15.828 36,172 80,662 18,324 190,748 50 
566,917 3,648,952 3,560,783 969,222 8,765,900 13,632 

44,311 139,414 229,928 28,042 494,669 65 

16,097 31,694 325,993 22,599 429,278 325 

119,368 214,422 282,327 245,415 1,370,635 10,136 

1,328,843 4,217,097 72,125,803 1,948,926 85,584,235 225,192 

5,435,034 35,925,008 158,035,351 9,447,825 237,186,077 357,945 

134,445 478,137 1,677,205 147,473 2,662,158 2,302 

72,360 308,299 690,021 118,336 1,336,375 2,149 

154,548 813,387 5,382,496 96,600 7,168,723 4,700 

6,829 54,651 87,962 13,712 182,514 19 

10,410 63,722 136,398 19,384 260,419 79 

46,455 138,824 913,913 67,848 1,161,603 846 

72,322 72,298 732,544 2,516,355 3,649,731 1,260 

473,404 1,060,090 1,936,360 2,670,478 8,236,002 11,321 

900 9,565 19,311 4,402 41,793 2 

155,741 744,708 1,854,023 233,545 3,188,759 5,408 



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COMPARISONS 



Pittsburgh's supremacy as a manufacturing center is 
emphasized by comparing the value of manufactured produces of 
the Metropolitan District with that of entire slates. Comparisons 
here given are based on the census figures for Pittsburgh for 
1909 and the figures for slates as presented by the World 
Almanac of 1912. 



PITTSBURGH METROPOLITAN 

DISTRICT $578,815,493 

State of Missouri 439,548,957 

State of Michigan 429,120,060 

State of Wisconsin 411,139,681 

State of Indiana 393,954,405 

State of Connecticut 369,082,091 

State of California 367,218,494 

State of Minnesota 307,858,073 

State of Maryland 243,375,996 

State of Rhode Island 202,109,583 

State of Kansas 198,244,992 

State of Louisiana 186,379,592 

State of Iowa 160,572,313 

State of Kentucky 159,753,968 

State of Nebraska 154,918,220 

State of Georgia 151,040,455 

State of Texas 150,528,389 

State of Virginia 148,856,525 

State of North Carolina 142,520,776 

State of Tennessee 137,960,476 

State of Washington 128,821,667 

State of Alabama 109,169 922 



DIVERSIFIED PITTSBURGH 



■ 



To the uninitiated Pittsburgh is regarded solely as a 
manufacturing center of iron and steel and allied products. 
However, the wonderful distributing facilities of the Pittsburgh 
District has long since been recognized by long-headed manu- 
facturers. 

An analysis of the manufacturing census of 1 909 indicates 
that by subtracting from the sum total of manufactured products 
all relating to: car and shop construction for railways; electrical 
manufacturing in all branches; glass, foundry products, blast 
furnaces, rolling mills, forgings, tubes, metal work, pipe and all 
branches of iron, steel and tin plate manufacture — the diversified 
industries of the Pittsburgh Metropolitan District still represent 
an annual product valued at $ 1 17,1 56,3 1 7. 

These small, diversified manufacturing products of the 
Pittsburgh Metropolitan District, compare with the entire product 
of entire states as follows: 

PITTSBURGH (Small, diversified 

industries) $117,156,317 

State of Alabama — entire 109,169,922 

State of Colorado — entire 100,143,999 

State of West Virginia — entire 99,040,676 

State of South Carolina — entire 79,373,362 

State of Montana — entire 66,415,452 

State of Vermont — entire 63,083,611 

State of Mississippi — entire 57,451,445 

State of Oregon — entire 55,525,123 

State of Arkansas — entire 53,864,394 

State of Florida — entire 50,298,290 

State of Delaware — entire 41,160,276 



PROMOTING PROGRESS 



Natural resources, fuel, and distributing facilities are the 
dominate forces that wrought Pittsburgh's industrial supremacy. 

But contributary causes have reinforced the manufacturing 
advantages of the district. 

In every American community of size and importance 
manufacturers suffer the handicap of a heavy personal tax plus 
the usual property tax. This, in effect, is penalizing enterprise. 
Not so in Pittsburgh. 

In 1910 Pittsburgh's levy upon manufacturers for personal 
taxation was almost nil. In 191 1 it was made nil by the 
complete removal of the tax on machinery. 

It is now the only big city in America which offers 
this encouragement to manufacturers. 

A comparison of the personal property assessment levied on 
manufacturers in 1910 bespeaks an eloquent and unmistakable 
moral: 

New York $357,923,123 

Baltimore 351,148,835 

Boston 281,685,014 

Chicago 245,971,661 

Cleveland 208,000,000 

Cincinnati 138,470,940 

Detroit 128,900,080 

Milwaukee 97,880,085 

St. Louis 96,657,070 

Newark, N. J 78,014,003 

Providence 71,013,420 

New Orleans 67,616,207 

Louisville 62,200,000 

San Francisco 57,335,111 

Kansas City 52,095,092 

Indianapolis 51,446,360 

Minneapolis 47,100,000 

District of Columbia 42,274,555 

Seattle 35,443,739 

Denver 32,320,220 

Portland, Ore 30,000,000 

Los Angeles 20,408,845 

Jersey City 16,906,399 

■ Albany 10,439,980 

Rochester 8,305,500 

Buffalo 7,200,000 

Pittsburgh 3,685,015 



APPRECIATION 



The Pittsburgh Press, under date of March 19, 1912, 
emphasized the moral to manufacturers, in the following editorial: 

Pittsburgh's Tax Advantage to Industries 

The Industrial Development Commission has rendered the 
community a service by sending broadcast its compilation show- 
ing that Pittsburgh derives a smaller income from taxes upon 
personal property than any other manufacturing city in the 
United States. There are some cities which claim a slightly 
lower tax on real estate than Pittsburgh, but owners and 
managers of industries know that the tax on realty does not 
tell the whole story. In some cities industries have to pay 
a personal property tax amounting almost to one-half of the 
total taxation. 

When — as the commission points out — the Pittsburgh manu- 
facturer pays the tax on his real estate his obligations to city, 
county and state are practically met. He is not obliged to pay 
a high assessment on his machinery and equipment. In this 
city the personalty tax on industries is virtually nothing. 

Law in Pennsylvania excludes machinery and industrial 
equipment to the extent that manufacturers in this district are 
offered exceptional opportunities. This is more apparent when 
it is pointed out by the Industrial Commission that Pittsburgh 
with its total invested capital in manufactures reaching $642,- 
527,046 pays a personalty tax of about 1% per cent, that of 
Cleveland and practically 1 per cent, of the figure levied in the 
Maryland cities. To be more specific, in Cleveland, with a total 
assessed valuation of $710,000,000, the personal property tax is 
$208,000,000. Against this the personalty assessment in Pitts- 
burgh is only $3,685,015. In Baltimore, which has a total tax- 
able valuation slightly less than Pittsburgh's, the tax on per- 
sonal property is $351,148,835, or almost one hundred times the 
personal property assessment in Pittsburgh. 

The law of the state of Pennsylvania has long encouraged 
the establishment of industries here by exempting machinery 
and industrial equipment from tax burdens. It is a wise and 
progressive policy, which has contributed largely to our manu- 
facturing supremacy. In calling the attention of manufacturers 
in other parts of the country to the matter, the Industrial 
Development Commission is offering many of them a substantial 
reason for bringing their industries to the Pittsburgh district. 



REAL PROPERTY VALUES 



Total valuation of property in Allegheny County, Pa., of 
which Pittsburgh is the seat, as reported for 1 9 1 2 by the County 
Commissioners to the Secretary of the Commonwealth, was 

$1,247,094,860 

These figures are larger than the total assessed valuation of 
property in each of the States of 

Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Connecticut, 
Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho (including utilities), 
Iowa (including utilities), Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, 
Maryland, Minnesota, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, 
Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, 
North Carolina (including utilities), North Dakota, 
Oklahoma, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Carolina, 
South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, 
West Virginia (including utilities), or Wyoming. 

Here are 36 Sovereign States each 
with a Lower Assessed Valua- 
tion than Greater 
Pittsburgh. 



PROOF 



Pittsburgh's stragetic geographical position being more nearly 
equi-distant to large centers of population than any other American 
city, establishes its position as the greatest American distributing 
center. 

The Western Union Telegraph Company has long since 
recognized the fact. 

Seventy-five per cent of all trans-continental business of the 
Western Union Telegraph Company is distributed through 
Pittsburgh. 

No other station on the company's lines excels Pittsburgh 
as a distributing point. 

Pittsburgh is the chief distributing center for the Postal 
Telegraph Company. 

More messages pass through Pittsburgh on the Postal 
Telegraph Company lines than through any other American City. 

More than eighty per cent of the long-distance service of 
the Bell Telephone System is relayed through Pittsburgh. 

And there is good reason for this. 

PITTSBURGH IS THE LOGICAL DISTRIBUTING 
CENTER FOR AMERICA. 



CORROBORATION 



It is next to impossible to prepare a map with any degree 
of accuracy indicating Pittsburgh's relative position as the distrib- 
uting center for the telegraph and telephone business of America. 

The map on the following page indicates the Western 
Union and Bell Telephone systems. 

The lines of the Postal Telegraph and Pittsburgh & Allegheny 
Telephone Companies cannot be represented without creating 
confusion. 

Pittsburgh is the center of the greatest web of telegraph and 
telephone wires in America. 

All roads lead to Pittsburgh. 

All roads lead out of Pittsburgh. 

Few, very few, American communities of importance can 
communicate with one another without doing so through Pittsburgh. 

It is not a matter of choice. 

Natural laws demand it. 

It is an irresistable demand. 

And it carries a MORAL. 



THE MORAL 



Facts herein presented are intended as an analysis of 
Pittsburgh — 

just as a careful manufacturer or distributor would compile 
the evidence. 

Success is rarely born of accident. 

Pittsburgh's industrial success is pre-eminent. 

There are no ore mines adjacent to Pittsburgh. The steel 
mills are not built at the coal mines. 

But the ore and the coal are so accessible — the heavy 
finished product available to such widespread economical 
distribution — that Pittsburgh provides the back-bone of the most 
successful industrial enterprise in the world. 

Contrast the distribution of prodigous iron and steel tonnage 
with the dissemination of millions of telegraph and telephone 
messages, invisably over the wires. 

Almost unconsciously the greatest conveyors of communica- 
tion centered upon Pittsburgh as the logical base for distribution. 

Here lies the moral. 

Sentiment, hope and patriotism are not endowed by 
commerce. 

Ample financial resources — Abundant labor supply — 
Successful business precedents — Economical location as to source 
of raw material — Availability of maximum distribution at minimum 
cost in time and money — 

These fundamentals underlie business achievement. 
These fundamentals underlie Pittsburgh's achievement. 

THE MORAL IS CLEAR. 



1913 

MacGregor-Cutler Printing Co. 

Pittsburgh. Pa. 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



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